Quick interview answer
Device and OS fragmentation, native vs hybrid contexts, gestures, permissions, interrupts (calls, network loss), battery and background/foreground lifecycle — plus real devices for anything sensor or performance related.
Detailed explanation
Pick a device matrix from analytics (top OS versions and screen sizes) rather than testing everything. Emulators cover functional flows; real devices cover camera, biometrics, push notifications, network transitions and performance. Test app lifecycle explicitly: background/restore, upgrade over an existing install, offline mode and permission denial. Hybrid apps require context switching between NATIVE_APP and WEBVIEW.
Real-world example
A checkout bug only reproduced when the app was backgrounded during 3DS redirect on Android 13.
Interview tip
Mention the analytics-driven device matrix — it shows you optimise cost, not just coverage.